ἀπολύω

ἀπολύω
ἀπολύω impf. ἀπέλυον; fut. ἀπολύσω; 1 aor. ἀπέλυσα, inf. ἀπολῦσαι; pf. 1 pl. ἀπολελύκαμεν 3 Macc 7:7. Pass.: 1 fut. ἀπολυθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἀπελύθην; pf. ἀπολέλυμαι (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, EpArist, Joseph.).
① As legal term, to grant acquittal, set free, release, pardon τινά a prisoner (PGiss 65a, 4; 66, 11; POxy1271, 5; 2 Macc 4:47; 12:25; 4 Macc 8:2; Jos., Bell. 2, 4; Just., D. 4, 5 [ψυχὴ] ἀπολυθεῖσα τοῦ σώματος al.) ἀ. ἕνα τῷ ὄχλῳ δέσμιον release a prisoner for the crowd (JMerkel, D. Begnadigung am Passahfeste: ZNW 6, 1905, 293–316; RMerritt, JBL 104, ’85, 57–68; —ἀπολύω=pardon: Diod S 3, 71, 5; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 4 §15; OGI 90, 14 [196 B.C.]; UPZ 111, 2 [163 B.C.]; Just., A I, 7, 4 ἀπολύηται ὡς Χριστιανός; Mel., P. 101, 775 τὸν κατάδικον) Mt 27:15–26; cp. Mk 15:6–15; Lk 23:16–25; J 18:39; 19:10, 12; Ac 3:13; 5:40; 16:35f; 26:32; 28:18; AcPl Ha 10, 4; on GJs 16:3 cp. 3 below, on Lk 22:68 see JDuplacy in: Neutest. Aufsätze, Festchr. JSchmid, ’63, 42–52 (for genuineness); release from threat of being sold Mt 18:27.—Abs. ἀπολύετε καὶ ἀπολυθήσεσθε pardon (your debtors) and you will be pardoned Lk 6:37.
② to release from a painful condition, free, pass. be freed (Tob 3:6; 2 Macc 12:45; Jos., Ant. 2, 65 τ. δεσμῶν) of diseases (Diog. L. 3, 6; Jos., Ant. 3, 264 τ. νόσου) ἀπολέλυσαι (v.l.+ ἀπὸ) τῆς ἀσθενείας σου Lk 13:12.
③ to permit or cause someone to leave a particular location let go, send away, dismiss (X., Hell. 6, 5, 21; UPZ 62, 18 [161 B.C.]; Tob 10:12 S; 1 Macc 11:38; 2 Macc 14:23; Jos., Ant. 5, 97) of a crowd (Jos., Ant. 11, 337 ἀ. τὸ πλῆθος) Mt 14:15, 22; 15:32, 39; Mk 6:36, 45; 8:9 al.; ἀ. τὴν ἐκκλησίαν dismiss the assembly Ac 19:40. Also of individuals (Ps 33 ins; ParJer 3:22) Mt 15:23; Lk 8:38; 14:4; GJs 21:2 (not pap); Lk 22:68 v.l. Perh. GJs 16:3 (s. 1 above). W. the goal indicated (Jos., Vi. 271 εἰς) εἰς οἶκον (send them away) to their homes Mk 8:3. εἰς τὰ τείχη let (them) go into the building Hs 8, 2, 5; cp. 8, 2, 1. πρὸς … τὸν ἄνδρα αὔτῆς AcPl Ha 4, 5. Pass. be dismissed, take leave, depart (Philo, In Flacc. 96; Jos., Ant. 5, 99) Ac 4:23; 15:30, 33, also Hb 13:23, unless the ref. is to a release fr. imprisonment (s. 1 above) or simply mng. 6 (s. WWrede, D. Literar. Rätsel d. Hb. 1906, 57ff).—Euphem. for let die (Ps.-Plut., Consol. ad Apoll. 13 p. 108c ἕως ἂν ὁ θεὸς ἀπολύσῃ ἡμᾶς; M. Ant. 12, 36, 2 and 5; a veteran’s gravestone [Sb 2477] Ἡλιόδωρε ἐντείμως ἀπολελυμένε, εὐψύχει; Gen 15:2; Num 20:29; Tob 3:6; 2 Macc 7:9) νῦν ἀπολύεις τὸν δοῦλόν σου Lk 2:29 (some interpret this as modal now mayest thou … JKleist, Mk. ’36, 147–50 and AFridrichsen, ConNeot 7, ’42, 5f; s. also Goodsp., Probs. 77–79). Perh. discharge fr. Simeon’s long vigil (vs. 26); cp. POxy 2760, 2f (179/80 A.D.), of a cavalryman’s discharge (on the desire for departure cp. TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 5f [Stone p. 22]). Mt 15:23 is semantically dense: as the context indicates, the riddance is to be expedited by granting the woman’s request (s. 4).
④ to grant a request and so be rid of a pers., satisfy Mt 15:23 (cp. 3).
⑤ to dissolve a marriage relationship, to divorce τὴν γυναῖκα one’s wife, or betrothed (1 Esdr 9:36; cp. Dt 24:1ff; the expr. ἀ. τ. γυν. Dionys. Hal. 2, 25, 7) Mt 1:19; 5:31f (Just., A I, 15, 3); 19:3, 7–9 (BWitherington, Matthew 5:32 and 19:9—Exception or Exceptional Situation?: NTS 31, ’85, 571–76); Mk 10:2, 4, 11 (GDelling, NovT 1, ’56, 263–74); Lk 16:18; Hm 4, 1, 6; ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ GJs 14:1. Of the woman ἀ. τὸν ἄνδρα divorce her husband (Diod S 12, 18, 1) Mk 10:12. This is in accord not w. Jewish (Jos., Ant. 15, 259), but w. Gr-Rom. custom (D has simply ἐξελθεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀνδρός; on Roman custom relating to women s. MMcDonnell, American Journal of Ancient History 8, ’83, 54–80). See on divorce TEngert, Ehe-u. Familienrecht d. Hebräer 1905; AOtt, D. Auslegung d. ntl. Texte über d. Ehescheidung 1910; HNordin, D. ehel. Ethik d. Juden z. Zt. Jesu 1911; AEberharter, D. Ehe-u. Familienrecht d. Hebräer 1914; LBlau, D. jüd. Ehescheidung u. d. jüd. Scheidebrief 1911/12; RCharles, The Teaching of the NT on Divorce 1921; Billerb. I 303–21 al.; SJohnson, Jesus’ Teaching on Divorce ’45; FCirlot, Christ and Divorce ’45; JDerrett, Law in the NT, ’70; HCronzel, 363–88, L’Église primitive face au divorce, ’71; JFitzmyer, The Matthean Divorce Texts and Some New Palestinian Evidence: TS 37, ’76, 197–226; BVawter, CBQ 39, ’77, 528–42.
⑥ mid. to make a departure from a locality, go away (Thu., Polyb.; PHal 1, 174 [III B.C.]; Ex 33:11; EpArist 304; Anz 285. ἀπολυόμενος τὰς διαβολάς ‘refuting the calumnies’ Ath. 2, 3) Ac 28:25; perh. Hb 13:23.—B. 768. EDNT. DELG s.v. λύω. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.

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  • ἀπολύω — destroy utterly pres subj act 1st sg (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind act 1st sg (epic) ἀπολύ̱ω , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres subj act 1st sg ἀπολύ̱ω , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind act 1st sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • απολύω — απολύω, απέλυσα (σπάν. απόλυσα) βλ. πίν. 5 Σημειώσεις: απολύω : (με αόριστο απόλυσα) έχει και τη σημασία (για εκκλησιαστική ακολουθία) τελειώνω …   Τα ρήματα της νέας ελληνικής

  • απολύω — κ. απολάω, αμπολάω, απολνώ, αμολάω (AM ἀπολύω) 1. παύω κάποιον από την εργασία ή την υπηρεσία του 2. αφήνω ελεύθερο από την υπηρεσία στον στρατό 3. διαλύω, διατάζω να διαλυθεί (στράτευμα) νεοελλ. 1. αφήνω ελεύθερο, αποφυλακίζω 2. φρ. «απολάω… …   Dictionary of Greek

  • απολύω — όλυσα, ολύθηκα, ολυμένος 1. λύνω κάποιον από τη στρατιωτική του υποχρέωση, κρίνω μαθητή της τελευταίας τάξης σχολείου ότι τελείωσε με επιτυχία τις σπουδές του: Απολύθηκαν οι κληρωτοί της κλάσης 1995. 2. παύω υπάλληλο, εργάτη κτλ.: Απολύθηκαν ως… …   Νέο ερμηνευτικό λεξικό της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας (Новый толковании словарь современного греческого)

  • ἀπολύῃ — ἀπολύω destroy utterly aor subj pass 2nd sg (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres subj mp 2nd sg (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind mp 2nd sg (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres subj act 3rd sg (epic) ἀπολύ̱ῃ , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres subj mp …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἀπολύεσθε — ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres imperat mp 2nd pl (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind mp 2nd pl (epic) ἀπολύ̱εσθε , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres imperat mp 2nd pl ἀπολύ̱εσθε , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind mp 2nd pl ἀπολύω destroy utterly imperf… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἀπολύετε — ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres imperat act 2nd pl (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind act 2nd pl (epic) ἀπολύ̱ετε , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres imperat act 2nd pl ἀπολύ̱ετε , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind act 2nd pl ἀπολύω destroy utterly… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἀπολυομένω — ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc/neut nom/voc/acc dual (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc/neut gen sg (epic doric aeolic) ἀπολῡομένω , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc/neut nom/voc/acc dual ἀπολῡομένω , ἀπολύω… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἀπολυομένων — ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp fem gen pl (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc/neut gen pl (epic) ἀπολῡομένων , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp fem gen pl ἀπολῡομένων , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc/neut gen pl …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἀπολυόμεθα — ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind mp 1st pl (epic) ἀπολῡόμεθα , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres ind mp 1st pl ἀπολύω destroy utterly imperf ind mp 1st pl (epic) ἀπολῡόμεθα , ἀπολύω destroy utterly imperf ind mp 1st pl (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἀπολυόμενον — ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc acc sg (epic) ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp neut nom/voc/acc sg (epic) ἀπολῡόμενον , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp masc acc sg ἀπολῡόμενον , ἀπολύω destroy utterly pres part mp neut… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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